EVA words ydain and ydaiin

In this post I will examine the EVA words ydain (5, 3A/2B) and ydaiin (21, 12A/6B).
I had previously suggested reading the word ydain as 98ain for the Greek word ηθειν, infinitive of ηθεω – to sift, filter.

That day I completely neglected to look up related words, containing double or triple i, as well as looking up alternative readings for glyphs 9 and 8, not to mention taking a look in the Latin dictionary. Today I want to correct myself and examine these two words in more detail. I am talking about two words, since the text apparently does not contain triple i words.

The glyph 8 can transcribe, in my opinion, three letters: δ/d, θ/th et τ/t.

The glyph 9 can certainly transcribe η, ε, ει, i and, at the beginning of a word, why not συν- and con-, cum- etc?

1. I start with 9= η.
   a) If we read the glyph 8 – θ, as in my first proposal, the word ydaiin can be read 98aun for ηθων, present participle of ηθεω. however ηθων can also be genitive plural of ηθος – an accustomed place, custom, usage in pl., manners, customs, disposition, character.
   b) If we read 8 as δ, the word ydain would be ηδειν, 1st and 3rd person past perfect of *ειδω – I (he) knew. I have not found anything for ηδων.
   c) If we read 8 as τ, nothing found for ydain, but two possibilities for ydaiin: ηττων, Attic variant of ησσων – comparative of κακος or μικρος: worse, inferior or ηττων – genitive plural of ηττα, Attic variant of ησσα – defeat, discomfiture.

2. Consider 9=ε.
   a) If 8 = δ, ydain would be εδειν – the infinitive and ydaiin – εδων, participle of εδω – eat.
   b) If 8 = θ, ydain would be εθειν, the infinitive and ydaiin – εθων, participle of εθω – to have custom. The word εθων can also be the genitive plural of εθος – custom, usage.
   c) If 8 = τ, nothing for ετειν, but several meanings for ετων: genitive plural of ετος – year, or of ετης – cousin, member of the family, clan, neighbour, member of the same village.

Of course, this research does not provide an exact answer to the question of how to read the words 98ain and 98aiin, it only gives a list, probably incomplete, of different possibilities.

EVA words toaiin, toees and toiin

Continuing to search for the explanation of the word aphete (olfchedy), I came across the word toees (3 0/1) on page 40v: toees.chedy.kedy.olfchedy…

I read the word toees as bous for βους – bullock, bull, ox, or cow, in pl. cattle, the constellation Taurus, and several figurative uses.

If the word olfchedy is the astrological term aphete, as I propose, we can choose for the word toees the meaning « constellation Taurus ».

The word toees has at least two relatives in the text, toaiin and toiin:

• toaiin (2 1/1)- boaun – βοων – gen pl of βους ;
• toiin (2A) –boun – βουν – acc of βους.

These three words do not necessarily refer to the constellation in every case, given the rather large number of uses both literally and figuratively.

EVA words stolpchy, tolpchy and typchey

The EVA words tolpchy (1B), stolpchy (1B) and typchey (1A), can be, in my opinion, related.

I read the word tolpchy as baph9 for βαφη or βαφης :

• βαφη – dipping of red-hot iron in water; dye; enamelling, gilding, silvering; infection
• βαφη – dual of βαφευς – a dyer, gilder ;
• βαφης – plural of βαφευς- a dyer, gilder.

The word stolpchy was also transcribed as stol.pchy and stol!pchy, perhaps it should be read as s.tolpchy, s baph9?

The word typchey – b9phi9 from the A language, could it be read as baphe9 – βαφευς?

Words based on βαφη also passed into Latin:

• bafa (βαφη) – sauce (Gaffiot),
• baphium (βαφειον) – dye house (Gaffiot),
• baphius – dyer (Olivetti).

EVA words pchy, pchey, pcheey, spchy, qoain, pykedy and olfchedy

In this post I present seven words: pchy, pchey, pcheey, spchy, qoain, pykedy and olfchedy.

The first to be examined is the EVA word pchy (2A), which I read as ph9 and which can transcribe the Greek words φη and φως:

• φη, enclit. for φησι, 3rd sg pres ind of φημι – say, affirm, assert;
• φη – = ως – as, like as;
• φως man, mortal ;
• φως, contr. for φαος – light ;
• φως, contr. from φωις – blister on the skin, caused by a burn.

The second word, pchey, occurs only once in language A and 11 times in language B. I read this word as phi9 and think it may well transcribe the Greek words φεως, φυη and φυος :

• φεως = στοιβη, Poterium spinosum;
• φυη – growth, stature, esp. fine growth, noble stature; poet. for φυσις, nature, genius; the flower or prime of age; substance; product of a year, harvest;
• φυη – a conjugated form of the verb φυω – bring forth, produce, put forth; beget, engender ;
• φυος = φυτευμα – that which is planted, plant; Reseda Phyteuma.

The third word, pcheey (4 3/1), can also transcribe the words φυη and φυος.

The fourth word to be examined is spchy (1B) which can be σφη or σφος :

• σφος, σφη, σφον, their, their own, belonging to them; his or her, his own or her own.

The fifth word I am presenting today is qoain (7 1/6). We can read it as d(o)ain for δεειν or δειν, the present infinitive of δεω – to bind, tie; to enclose, prevent, restrain; to chain.

In sixth place comes the word pykedy (1B) which I found on the same line as the word spchy from 78v. I read this word as p9ni89, and believe it may transcribe the word πηνιτις – the weaver, i. e. Athena.

The seventh and final word for this post is olfchedy (4B). This word appears, among others, in the first line of 78v, after pykedy.

I consider that fch can be read just as f, in which case olfchedy would be αφετης, αφετις or αφετος :

• αφετης – one who lets off a military engine; Astrol., prorogator, heavenly body which determines the vital quadrant;
• αφετις – fem of αφετης,
• αφετος – dedicated, free from worldly business.

I hope that these few words can help us to understand the text.

EVA words pched-

There are four words beginning with pched-, all in the B language: pchedy (34), pchedar (11), pchedal (2), and pchedaiin (4).
These four words may be related and derive from the Greek verb φιτυω = φυτευω – to sow; to beget; of the woman, bear.

The word pchedy, which I read as phi89 can transcribe several words:

1. φιτυς, – begetter, father ;
2. φυτας – young offspring;
3. φυτος, adj – 1 formed by nature, natural; 2 fruitful.

The word pchedal can transcribe the word φυται, fem pl for φυτος.
The word pchedar can be pchedas for φυτας, the glyphs ‘r’ and ‘s’ can get confused, especially at the end of words, this needs to be checked.

And, finally, the last word to be examined today is pchedaiin – phi8aun for φυτων :

1. Planted place, esp. Vineyard;
2. gen pl of φυτον – 1 plant; 2 sucker, cutting; 3 offshoot, child; 4 creature;
3. gen pl of φυτος.

These four words have only 60 occurrences in total, but I hope that they will help to understand some lines of the text.

Ophitae

The most common word containing the combination pch is opchedy, which fits well with the Greek word οφιτης – of or like a snake, referring, for example, to a stone used as a remedy.

But looking at the Latin dictionary, I found that ophitis and ophitas are both declined forms of the word Ophitae – worshippers of the serpent, the name of a Gnostic sect.

Finally I found this word in Greek too – οι Οφιται (-ες)*. In this case, the word EVA opchedal (1B) too would fit well with Οφιται.

This meaning has already been proposed by Searcher on the Voynich ninja forum for the related word opcheedy.

Could our text be related to Gnostic writings?

*This word does not appear in LSJ which I usually use.

EVA words pchocthy and cphocthy

Still wondering if the combinations of the glyphs pch and cph are equivalent, I look for words that contain them. In this post I examine the words pchocthy (3A) and cphocthy (1 ?).

I propose to read them as phoebe9 for Greek Φοιβειος or Latin Phœbeus. In both cases the meaning is the same: « belonging or dedicated to Apollo (Phoebus) ».

Both words are certainly related to the single word pchoetal of language B which I have proposed to read as φοιβα.

EVA words pody, ypdy, oepchol, yfchey, tochsy, and feedly

In this post I examine six rare B language words: pody (2), ypdy (1), oepchol (2), yfchey (3), tochsy (1) and feedly (1). The first five are found on the first line of page 46v and the sixth on page 66v.

<f46v.1,@P0><%> pody,lshed.ypdy,shedy.opchedy.ytedy.oepchol.yfchey.tochsy.oka[s:r].ykchdy.daiin

The first word on page 46v is pody EVA. This word also occurs at the beginning of an oaragraph on page 66v. I read this word as po89 and think it may transcribe several Greek words: ποτη, ποτις, ποτης, ποτος and ποδος :

1. ποτη – flight ; sample of wine,
2. ποτης – drink ; drinker, usu. in fem. ποτις
3. ποτος – adj drunk, for drinking; drinking water ; binge drinking ;
4. ποδος – gen sg of πους – foot.

It is obvious that with at least three very different meanings, it is not possible to make a valid choice at this time.

The second word to be examined is ypdy, which I read as 9p89. Can this unique word transcribe the word επτα – seven?

I read the word oepchol as oipha, could it be οιφει or οιφι, an Egyptian measure or the Hebrew measure ephah?

Can the fourth word to be examined, yfchey, transcribe the word εφιῃ, a conjugated form of the verb εφιημι- to send, to let go etc?

The word tochsy, which I read as boks9, is unique in the text. This word may well transcribe the word βαξις – oracular answer; report, rumour; voice.

The last word to be examined today is feedly EVA, which I read as fu8l9. This unique word, from page 66v, is a perfect candidate for transcribing the Greek word φυτλη – generation, race, species or synonymous with φυσις – nature.

It is clear that the proposed reading of these few words cannot yet advance the understanding of the text, we must be patient.

EVA words ra*n and ro*n

Among eight possible forms for the words ra*n and ro*n, four occur in the text, mostly in language B:

1. Ran 0
2. Rain 26 B
3. Raiin 75 8/65
4. Raiiin 1B
5. Ron 0 ?
6. Roin 0
7. Roiin 4B
8. Roiiin 0

I have already suggested reading the word rain as ρειν, the infinitive of ρεω – to flow,

The word roiin may be ρουν – acc of ροος – stream, flow of water, current.

The difficulty would be to understand the words raiin and raiiin.
The word ρων, apparently does not exist. We can try to read it as ρεων or ρουν, but it is difficult to check the 75 occurrences now.

EVA words chdaiin and chdain

The words chdain and chdaiin are specific to the B language: all 18 occurrences of chdaiin and 8 out of 9 occurrences of chdain. There are no forms chdaiiin or chdan in the text.

I had previously suggested reading the word chdaiin as the Greek word χθων – the earth. This reading, though the older one, remains current for me.

The word chdain, on the other hand, remains obscure to me.

If the ending -ain is equivalent to -ειν, I have not been able to find a corresponding verb.

Is it a form of the verb κτεινω – kill, slay or, perhaps of κτην, a form of κτεις – comb, which is also used figuratively in anatomy?